kraken/kv/src/ast.rs

use std::fmt;
use std::boxed::Box;
use std::rc::Rc;
use std::cell::RefCell;
use std::convert::From;

impl From<i32>  for Form { fn from(item: i32)  -> Self { Form::Int(item) } }
impl From<bool> for Form { fn from(item: bool) -> Self { Form::Bool(item) } }
// todo, strings not symbols?
impl From<String> for Form { fn from(item: String) -> Self { Form::Symbol(item) } }
impl From<&str> for Form { fn from(item: &str) -> Self { Form::Symbol(item.to_owned()) } }

impl<A: Into<Form>, B: Into<Form>> From<(A, B)> for Form {
    fn from(item: (A, B)) -> Self {
        Form::Pair(Rc::new(item.0.into()), Rc::new(item.1.into()))
    }
}

pub enum PossibleTailCall {
    Result(Rc<Form>),
    TailCall(Rc<Form>, Rc<Form>),
}
#[derive(Debug, Eq, PartialEq)]
pub enum Form {
    Nil,
    Int(i32),
    Bool(bool),
    Symbol(String),
    Cell(RefCell<Rc<Form>>),
    Pair(Rc<Form>,Rc<Form>),
    PrimComb(String, fn(Rc<Form>, Rc<Form>) -> PossibleTailCall),
    DeriComb { se: Rc<Form>, de: Option<String>, params: String, body: Rc<Form> },
}

impl Form {
    pub fn truthy(&self) -> bool {
        match self {
            Form::Bool(b) => *b,
            Form::Nil     => false,
            _             => true,
        }
    }
    pub fn int(&self) -> Option<i32> {
        match self {
            Form::Int(i) => Some(*i),
            _ => None,
        }
    }
    pub fn sym(&self) -> Option<&str> {
        match self {
            Form::Symbol(s) => Some(s),
            _ => None,
        }
    }
    pub fn car(&self) -> Option<Rc<Form>> {
        match self {
            Form::Pair(car, _cdr) => Some(Rc::clone(car)),
            _ => None,
        }
    }
    pub fn cdr(&self) -> Option<Rc<Form>> {
        match self {
            Form::Pair(_car, cdr) => Some(Rc::clone(cdr)),
            _ => None,
        }
    }
    pub fn append(&self, x: Rc<Form>) -> Option<Form> {
        match self {
            Form::Pair(car, cdr) => cdr.append(x).map(|x| Form::Pair(Rc::clone(car), Rc::new(x))),
            Form::Nil            => Some(Form::Pair(x, Rc::new(Form::Nil))),
            _                    => None,
        }
    }
}
impl fmt::Display for Form {
    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> fmt::Result {
        match self {
            Form::Nil                   => write!(f, "nil"),
            Form::Int(i)                => write!(f, "{i}"),
            Form::Bool(b)               => write!(f, "{b}"),
            Form::Symbol(s)             => write!(f, "{s}"),
            Form::Cell(c)               => write!(f, "@{}", c.borrow()),
            Form::Pair(car, cdr)        => {
                write!(f, "({}", car)?;
                let mut traverse: Rc<Form> = Rc::clone(cdr);
                loop {
                    match &*traverse {
                        Form::Pair(ref carp, ref cdrp) => {
                            write!(f, " {}", carp)?;
                            traverse = Rc::clone(cdrp);
                        },
                        Form::Nil => {
                            write!(f, ")")?;
                            return Ok(());
                        },
                        x => {
                            write!(f, ". {x})")?;
                            return Ok(());
                        },
                    }
                }
            },
            Form::PrimComb(name, _f)    => write!(f, "<{name}>"),
            Form::DeriComb { se, de, params, body } => {
                write!(f, "<{} {} {}>", de.as_ref().unwrap_or(&"".to_string()), params, body)
            },
        }
    }
}

struct Cursor { e: Rc<Form>, f: Rc<Form>, next: Cont }
enum Cont {
    ID,
    Call { p: Rc<Form>, ne: Rc<Form>, nc: Box<Cont> },
}


pub fn eval(e: Rc<Form>, f: Rc<Form>) -> Rc<Form> {
    let mut cursor = Cursor { e, f, next: Cont::ID };
    loop {
        let Cursor { e, f, mut next } = cursor;
        if let Form::Pair(ref c, ref p) = *f {
            cursor = Cursor { e: Rc::clone(&e), f: Rc::clone(c), next: Cont::Call { p: Rc::clone(p), ne: e, nc: Box::new(next) } }
        } else {
            let mut v = if let Form::Symbol(ref s) = *f {
                let mut t = Rc::clone(&e);
                while s != t.car().unwrap().car().unwrap().sym().unwrap() {
                    t = t.cdr().unwrap();
                }
                t.car().unwrap().cdr().unwrap()
            } else {
                f
            };
            // inner nc popping loop with mutable v?
            loop {
                match next {
                    Cont::ID => return v,
                    Cont::Call { p, ne, nc } => {
                        match *v {
                            Form::PrimComb(ref _n,  ref f) => match f(ne, p) {
                                PossibleTailCall::Result(r) => {
                                    v = r;
                                    next = *nc;
                                },
                                PossibleTailCall::TailCall(ne, nf) => {
                                    cursor = Cursor { e: ne, f: nf, next: *nc };
                                    break;
                                },
                            },
                            Form::DeriComb{ref se, ref de, ref params, ref body } => {
                                let mut new_e = Rc::clone(se);
                                if let Some(de) = de {
                                    new_e = assoc(de, Rc::clone(&ne), new_e);
                                }
                                new_e = assoc(params, p, new_e);
                                cursor = Cursor { e: new_e, f: Rc::clone(body), next: *nc };
                                break;
                            },
                            _ => panic!("Tried to call not a Prim/DeriComb {:?}", v),
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    }
}

fn assoc(k: &str, v: Rc<Form>, l: Rc<Form>) -> Rc<Form> {
    Rc::new(Form::Pair(
                Rc::new(Form::Pair(
                        Rc::new(Form::Symbol(k.to_owned())),
                        v)),
                l))
}
fn assoc_vec(kvs: Vec<(&str, Rc<Form>)>) -> Rc<Form> {
    let mut to_ret = Rc::new(Form::Nil);
    for (k, v) in kvs {
        to_ret = assoc(k, v, to_ret);
    }
    to_ret
}

pub fn root_env() -> Rc<Form> {
    assoc_vec(vec![
        ("eval", Rc::new(Form::PrimComb("eval".to_owned(), |e, p| {
            let b = eval(Rc::clone(&e), p.car().unwrap());
            let e = eval(e, p.cdr().unwrap().car().unwrap());
            PossibleTailCall::TailCall(e, b)
        }))),
        // (vau de params body)
        ("vau", Rc::new(Form::PrimComb("vau".to_owned(), |e, p| {
            let de     = p.car().unwrap().sym().map(|s| s.to_owned());
            let params = p.cdr().unwrap().car().unwrap().sym().unwrap().to_owned();
            let body   = p.cdr().unwrap().cdr().unwrap().car().unwrap();

            PossibleTailCall::Result(Rc::new(Form::DeriComb { se: e, de, params, body }))
        }))),
        ("=", Rc::new(Form::PrimComb("=".to_owned(), |e, p| {
            let a = eval(Rc::clone(&e), p.car().unwrap());
            let b = eval(e, p.cdr().unwrap().car().unwrap());
            PossibleTailCall::Result(Rc::new(Form::Bool(a == b)))
        }))),
        ("<", Rc::new(Form::PrimComb("<".to_owned(), |e, p| {
            let a = eval(Rc::clone(&e), p.car().unwrap());
            let b = eval(e, p.cdr().unwrap().car().unwrap());
            PossibleTailCall::Result(Rc::new(Form::Bool(a.int().unwrap() < b.int().unwrap())))
        }))),
        (">", Rc::new(Form::PrimComb(">".to_owned(), |e, p| {
            let a = eval(Rc::clone(&e), p.car().unwrap());
            let b = eval(e, p.cdr().unwrap().car().unwrap());
            PossibleTailCall::Result(Rc::new(Form::Bool(a.int().unwrap() > b.int().unwrap())))
        }))),
        ("<=", Rc::new(Form::PrimComb("<=".to_owned(), |e, p| {
            let a = eval(Rc::clone(&e), p.car().unwrap());
            let b = eval(e, p.cdr().unwrap().car().unwrap());
            PossibleTailCall::Result(Rc::new(Form::Bool(a.int().unwrap() <= b.int().unwrap())))
        }))),
        (">=", Rc::new(Form::PrimComb(">=".to_owned(), |e, p| {
            let a = eval(Rc::clone(&e), p.car().unwrap());
            let b = eval(e, p.cdr().unwrap().car().unwrap());
            PossibleTailCall::Result(Rc::new(Form::Bool(a.int().unwrap() >= b.int().unwrap())))
        }))),
        ("if", Rc::new(Form::PrimComb("if".to_owned(), |e, p| {
            if eval(Rc::clone(&e), p.car().unwrap()).truthy() {
                PossibleTailCall::TailCall(e, p.cdr().unwrap().car().unwrap())
            } else {
                PossibleTailCall::TailCall(e, p.cdr().unwrap().cdr().unwrap().car().unwrap())
            }
        }))),

        ("cell", Rc::new(Form::PrimComb("cell".to_owned(), |e, p| {
            let x = eval(Rc::clone(&e), p.car().unwrap());
            PossibleTailCall::Result(Rc::new(Form::Cell(RefCell::new(x))))
        }))),
        ("set", Rc::new(Form::PrimComb("set".to_owned(), |e, p| {
            match &*eval(Rc::clone(&e), p.car().unwrap()) {
                Form::Cell(c) => PossibleTailCall::Result(c.replace(eval(Rc::clone(&e), p.cdr().unwrap().car().unwrap()))),
                _             => panic!("set on not cell"),
            }
        }))),
        ("get", Rc::new(Form::PrimComb("get".to_owned(), |e, p| {
            match &*eval(Rc::clone(&e), p.car().unwrap()) {
                Form::Cell(c) => PossibleTailCall::Result(Rc::clone(&c.borrow())),
                _             => panic!("get on not cell"),
            }
        }))),

        ("cons", Rc::new(Form::PrimComb("cons".to_owned(), |e, p| {
            let h = eval(Rc::clone(&e), p.car().unwrap());
            let t = eval(e, p.cdr().unwrap().car().unwrap());
            PossibleTailCall::Result(Rc::new(Form::Pair(h, t)))
        }))),
        ("car", Rc::new(Form::PrimComb("car".to_owned(), |e, p| {
            PossibleTailCall::Result(eval(Rc::clone(&e), p.car().unwrap()).car().unwrap())
        }))),
        ("cdr", Rc::new(Form::PrimComb("cdr".to_owned(), |e, p| {
            PossibleTailCall::Result(eval(Rc::clone(&e), p.car().unwrap()).cdr().unwrap())
        }))),
        ("quote", Rc::new(Form::PrimComb("quote".to_owned(), |_e, p| {
            PossibleTailCall::Result(p.car().unwrap())
        }))),

        ("debug", Rc::new(Form::PrimComb("debug".to_owned(), |e, p| {
            //println!("Debug: {:?}", eval(Rc::clone(&e), p.car().unwrap()));
            println!("Debug: {}", eval(Rc::clone(&e), p.car().unwrap()));
            PossibleTailCall::TailCall(e, p.cdr().unwrap().car().unwrap())
        }))),
        ("assert", Rc::new(Form::PrimComb("assert".to_owned(), |e, p| {
            let thing = eval(Rc::clone(&e), p.car().unwrap());
            if !thing.truthy() {
                println!("Assert failed: {:?}", thing);
            }
            assert!(thing.truthy());
            PossibleTailCall::TailCall(e, p.cdr().unwrap().car().unwrap())
        }))),

        ("+", Rc::new(Form::PrimComb("+".to_owned(), |e, p| {
            let a = eval(Rc::clone(&e), p.car().unwrap()).int().unwrap();
            let b = eval(e, p.cdr().unwrap().car().unwrap()).int().unwrap();
            PossibleTailCall::Result(Rc::new(Form::Int(a + b)))
        }))),
        ("-", Rc::new(Form::PrimComb("-".to_owned(), |e, p| {
            let a = eval(Rc::clone(&e), p.car().unwrap()).int().unwrap();
            let b = eval(e, p.cdr().unwrap().car().unwrap()).int().unwrap();
            PossibleTailCall::Result(Rc::new(Form::Int(a - b)))
        }))),
        ("*", Rc::new(Form::PrimComb("*".to_owned(), |e, p| {
            let a = eval(Rc::clone(&e), p.car().unwrap()).int().unwrap();
            let b = eval(e, p.cdr().unwrap().car().unwrap()).int().unwrap();
            PossibleTailCall::Result(Rc::new(Form::Int(a * b)))
        }))),
        ("/", Rc::new(Form::PrimComb("/".to_owned(), |e, p| {
            let a = eval(Rc::clone(&e), p.car().unwrap()).int().unwrap();
            let b = eval(e, p.cdr().unwrap().car().unwrap()).int().unwrap();
            PossibleTailCall::Result(Rc::new(Form::Int(a / b)))
        }))),
        ("%", Rc::new(Form::PrimComb("%".to_owned(), |e, p| {
            let a = eval(Rc::clone(&e), p.car().unwrap()).int().unwrap();
            let b = eval(e, p.cdr().unwrap().car().unwrap()).int().unwrap();
            PossibleTailCall::Result(Rc::new(Form::Int(a % b)))
        }))),
        ("&", Rc::new(Form::PrimComb("&".to_owned(), |e, p| {
            let a = eval(Rc::clone(&e), p.car().unwrap()).int().unwrap();
            let b = eval(e, p.cdr().unwrap().car().unwrap()).int().unwrap();
            PossibleTailCall::Result(Rc::new(Form::Int(a & b)))
        }))),
        ("|", Rc::new(Form::PrimComb("|".to_owned(), |e, p| {
            let a = eval(Rc::clone(&e), p.car().unwrap()).int().unwrap();
            let b = eval(e, p.cdr().unwrap().car().unwrap()).int().unwrap();
            PossibleTailCall::Result(Rc::new(Form::Int(a | b)))
        }))),
        ("^", Rc::new(Form::PrimComb("^".to_owned(), |e, p| {
            let a = eval(Rc::clone(&e), p.car().unwrap()).int().unwrap();
            let b = eval(e, p.cdr().unwrap().car().unwrap()).int().unwrap();
            PossibleTailCall::Result(Rc::new(Form::Int(a ^ b)))
        }))),

        ("comb?", Rc::new(Form::PrimComb("comb?".to_owned(), |e, p| {
            PossibleTailCall::Result(Rc::new(Form::Bool(match &*eval(e, p.car().unwrap()) {
                Form::PrimComb(_n, _f)  => true,
                Form::DeriComb { .. } => true,
                _                     => false,
            })))
        }))),
        ("cell?", Rc::new(Form::PrimComb("cell?".to_owned(), |e, p| {
            PossibleTailCall::Result(Rc::new(Form::Bool(match &*eval(e, p.car().unwrap()) {
                Form::Cell(_c) => true,
                _              => false,
            })))
        }))),
        ("pair?", Rc::new(Form::PrimComb("pair?".to_owned(), |e, p| {
            PossibleTailCall::Result(Rc::new(Form::Bool(match &*eval(e, p.car().unwrap()) {
                Form::Pair(_a,_b) => true,
                _                 => false,
            })))
        }))),
        ("symbol?", Rc::new(Form::PrimComb("symbol?".to_owned(), |e, p| {
            PossibleTailCall::Result(Rc::new(Form::Bool(match &*eval(e, p.car().unwrap()) {
                Form::Symbol(_) => true,
                _               => false,
            })))
        }))),
        ("int?", Rc::new(Form::PrimComb("int?".to_owned(), |e, p| {
            PossibleTailCall::Result(Rc::new(Form::Bool(match &*eval(e, p.car().unwrap()) {
                Form::Int(_) => true,
                _            => false,
            })))
        }))),
        // maybe bool? but also could be derived. Nil def
        ("bool?", Rc::new(Form::PrimComb("bool?".to_owned(), |e, p| {
            PossibleTailCall::Result(Rc::new(Form::Bool(match &*eval(e, p.car().unwrap()) {
                Form::Bool(_) => true,
                _             => false,
            })))
        }))),
        ("nil?", Rc::new(Form::PrimComb("nil?".to_owned(), |e, p| {
            PossibleTailCall::Result(Rc::new(Form::Bool(match &*eval(e, p.car().unwrap()) {
                Form::Nil => true,
                _         => false,
            })))
        }))),

        // consts
        ("true",  Rc::new(Form::Bool(true))),
        ("false", Rc::new(Form::Bool(false))),
        ("nil",   Rc::new(Form::Nil)),
    ])
}