diff --git a/kraken.krak b/kraken.krak
index 2492bfa..c4f10de 100644
--- a/kraken.krak
+++ b/kraken.krak
@@ -12,6 +12,7 @@ import ast_transformation:*
 import adt_lower:*
 import obj_lower:*
 import defer_lower:*
+import ctce_lower:*
 import c_line_control:*
 import c_generator:*
 import compiler_version
@@ -121,6 +122,8 @@ fun main(argc: int, argv: **char):int {
     obj_lower(&importer.name_ast_map, &importer.ast_pass.ast_to_syntax)
     printlnerr("Lowering Defer")
     defer_lower(&importer.name_ast_map, &importer.ast_pass.ast_to_syntax)
+    printlnerr("Lowering CTCE")
+    ctce_lower(&importer.name_ast_map, &importer.ast_pass.ast_to_syntax)
     if (interpret_instead) {
         printlnerr("Interpreting!")
         call_main(importer.name_ast_map)
diff --git a/krakenGrammer.kgm b/krakenGrammer.kgm
index 2a12825..9cceca1 100644
--- a/krakenGrammer.kgm
+++ b/krakenGrammer.kgm
@@ -116,9 +116,7 @@ continue_statement = "continue" ;
 defer_statement = "defer" WS statement ;
 function_call = unarad WS "\(" WS opt_parameter_list WS "\)" ;
 
-compiler_intrinsic = "#" identifier WS "\(" WS intrinsic_parameter_list WS "\)" | "#" identifier WS "<" WS type_list WS ">" ;
-intrinsic_parameter_list = intrinsic_parameter_list WS "," WS intrinsic_parameter | intrinsic_parameter ;
-intrinsic_parameter = identifier ;
+compiler_intrinsic = "#" identifier WS "\(" WS opt_parameter_list WS "\)" | "#" identifier WS "<" WS type_list WS ">" ;
 
 boolean_expression = boolean_expression WS "\|\|" WS and_boolean_expression | and_boolean_expression ;
 and_boolean_expression = and_boolean_expression WS "&&" WS bitwise_or | bitwise_or ;
diff --git a/stdlib/adt_lower.krak b/stdlib/adt_lower.krak
index 95f2156..5ac2c7e 100644
--- a/stdlib/adt_lower.krak
+++ b/stdlib/adt_lower.krak
@@ -43,19 +43,19 @@ fun adt_lower(name_ast_map: *map<string, pair<*tree<symbol>,*ast_node>>, ast_to_
                     node->adt_def.option_funcs.for_each(fun(func: *ast_node) {
                         var adt_type = replacement->type_def.self_type
                         var block = ast_code_block_ptr()
-                        func->function.body_statement = ast_statement_ptr(block)
+                        func->function.body_statement = block
                         var to_ret = ast_identifier_ptr(string("to_ret"), adt_type, block)
-                        block->code_block.children.add(ast_statement_ptr(ast_declaration_statement_ptr(to_ret, null<ast_node>(), false)))
+                        block->code_block.children.add(ast_declaration_statement_ptr(to_ret, null<ast_node>(), false))
 
                         var value = ast_value_ptr(to_string(idx), type_ptr(base_type::integer()))
-                        block->code_block.children.add(ast_statement_ptr(ast_assignment_statement_ptr(make_operator_call(".", vector(to_ret, flag)), value)))
+                        block->code_block.children.add(ast_assignment_statement_ptr(make_operator_call(".", vector(to_ret, flag)), value))
                         var opt = type_def_option_map[node][idx]
                         var lvalue = make_operator_call(".", vector(make_operator_call(".", vector(to_ret, option_union_ident)), opt))
                         if (func->function.parameters.size) { 
                             // do copy_construct if it should
-                            block->code_block.children.add(ast_statement_ptr(assign_or_copy_construct_statement(lvalue, func->function.parameters[0])))
+                            block->code_block.children.add(assign_or_copy_construct_statement(lvalue, func->function.parameters[0]))
                         }
-                        block->code_block.children.add(ast_statement_ptr(ast_return_statement_ptr(to_ret)))
+                        block->code_block.children.add(ast_return_statement_ptr(to_ret))
                         add_before_in(func, node, parent_chain)
                         add_to_scope(func->function.name, func, enclosing_scope)
                         add_to_scope("~enclosing_scope", enclosing_scope, func)
@@ -63,11 +63,11 @@ fun adt_lower(name_ast_map: *map<string, pair<*tree<symbol>,*ast_node>>, ast_to_
                     })
                     node->adt_def.regular_funcs.for_each(fun(func: *ast_node) {
                         var block = ast_code_block_ptr()
-                        func->function.body_statement = ast_statement_ptr(block)
+                        func->function.body_statement = block
                         if (func->function.name == "operator==") {
                             var other = func->function.parameters[0]
                             var if_stmt = ast_if_statement_ptr(make_operator_call("!=", vector(make_operator_call("->", vector(replacement_this, flag)), make_operator_call(".", vector(other, flag)))))
-                            if_stmt->if_statement.then_part = ast_statement_ptr(ast_return_statement_ptr(ast_value_ptr(string("false"), type_ptr(base_type::boolean()))))
+                            if_stmt->if_statement.then_part = ast_return_statement_ptr(ast_value_ptr(string("false"), type_ptr(base_type::boolean())))
                             block->code_block.children.add(if_stmt)
 
                             for (var i = 0; i < type_def_option_map[node].size; i++;) {
@@ -77,20 +77,20 @@ fun adt_lower(name_ast_map: *map<string, pair<*tree<symbol>,*ast_node>>, ast_to_
                                 var option = type_def_option_map[node][i]
                                 var our_option = make_operator_call(".", vector(make_operator_call("->", vector(replacement_this, option_union_ident)), option))
                                 var their_option = make_operator_call(".", vector(make_operator_call(".", vector(other, option_union_ident)), option))
-                                if_stmt_inner->if_statement.then_part = ast_statement_ptr(ast_return_statement_ptr(possible_object_equality(our_option, their_option)))
+                                if_stmt_inner->if_statement.then_part = ast_return_statement_ptr(possible_object_equality(our_option, their_option))
                                 block->code_block.children.add(if_stmt_inner)
                             }
-                            block->code_block.children.add(ast_statement_ptr(ast_return_statement_ptr(ast_value_ptr(string("true"), type_ptr(base_type::boolean())))))
+                            block->code_block.children.add(ast_return_statement_ptr(ast_value_ptr(string("true"), type_ptr(base_type::boolean()))))
                         } else if (func->function.name == "operator!=") {
                             var other = func->function.parameters[0]
-                            block->code_block.children.add(ast_statement_ptr(ast_return_statement_ptr(make_operator_call("!", vector(make_method_call(replacement_this, "operator==", vector(other)))))))
+                            block->code_block.children.add(ast_return_statement_ptr(make_operator_call("!", vector(make_method_call(replacement_this, "operator==", vector(other))))))
                         } else if (func->function.name == "construct") {
                             var value = ast_value_ptr(string("-1"), type_ptr(base_type::integer()))
-                            block->code_block.children.add(ast_statement_ptr(ast_assignment_statement_ptr(make_operator_call("->", vector(replacement_this, flag)), value)))
-                            block->code_block.children.add(ast_statement_ptr(ast_return_statement_ptr(replacement_this)))
+                            block->code_block.children.add(ast_assignment_statement_ptr(make_operator_call("->", vector(replacement_this, flag)), value))
+                            block->code_block.children.add(ast_return_statement_ptr(replacement_this))
                         } else if (func->function.name == "copy_construct") {
                             var other = func->function.parameters[0]
-                            block->code_block.children.add(ast_statement_ptr(ast_assignment_statement_ptr(make_operator_call("->", vector(replacement_this, flag)), make_operator_call("->", vector(other, flag)))))
+                            block->code_block.children.add(ast_assignment_statement_ptr(make_operator_call("->", vector(replacement_this, flag)), make_operator_call("->", vector(other, flag))))
                             for (var i = 0; i < type_def_option_map[node].size; i++;) {
                                 if (get_ast_type(type_def_option_map[node][i])->is_empty_adt_option())
                                     continue
@@ -98,13 +98,13 @@ fun adt_lower(name_ast_map: *map<string, pair<*tree<symbol>,*ast_node>>, ast_to_
                                 var option = type_def_option_map[node][i]
                                 var our_option = make_operator_call(".", vector(make_operator_call("->", vector(replacement_this, option_union_ident)), option))
                                 var their_option = make_operator_call(".", vector(make_operator_call("->", vector(other, option_union_ident)), option))
-                                if_stmt_inner->if_statement.then_part = ast_statement_ptr(assign_or_copy_construct_statement(our_option, their_option))
+                                if_stmt_inner->if_statement.then_part = assign_or_copy_construct_statement(our_option, their_option)
                                 block->code_block.children.add(if_stmt_inner)
                             }
                         } else if (func->function.name == "operator=") {
                             var other = func->function.parameters[0]
-                            block->code_block.children.add(ast_statement_ptr(make_method_call(replacement_this, "destruct", vector<*ast_node>())))
-                            block->code_block.children.add(ast_statement_ptr(make_method_call(replacement_this, "copy_construct", vector(make_operator_call("&", vector(other))))))
+                            block->code_block.children.add(make_method_call(replacement_this, "destruct", vector<*ast_node>()))
+                            block->code_block.children.add(make_method_call(replacement_this, "copy_construct", vector(make_operator_call("&", vector(other)))))
                         } else if (func->function.name == "destruct") {
                             for (var i = 0; i < type_def_option_map[node].size; i++;) {
                                 var option = type_def_option_map[node][i]
@@ -114,7 +114,7 @@ fun adt_lower(name_ast_map: *map<string, pair<*tree<symbol>,*ast_node>>, ast_to_
                                 if (option_type->indirection == 0 && option_type->is_object() && has_method(option_type->type_def, "destruct", vector<*type>())) {
                                     var if_stmt_inner = ast_if_statement_ptr(make_operator_call("==", vector(make_operator_call("->", vector(replacement_this, flag)), ast_value_ptr(to_string(i), type_ptr(base_type::integer())))))
                                     var our_option = make_operator_call(".", vector(make_operator_call("->", vector(replacement_this, option_union_ident)), option))
-                                    if_stmt_inner->if_statement.then_part = ast_statement_ptr(make_method_call(our_option, "destruct", vector<*ast_node>()))
+                                    if_stmt_inner->if_statement.then_part = make_method_call(our_option, "destruct", vector<*ast_node>())
                                     block->code_block.children.add(if_stmt_inner)
                                 }
                             }
@@ -138,8 +138,8 @@ fun adt_lower(name_ast_map: *map<string, pair<*tree<symbol>,*ast_node>>, ast_to_
                     var block = ast_code_block_ptr()
                     var value = backing.value
                     var holder = ast_identifier_ptr(string("holder"), get_ast_type(value)->clone_with_increased_indirection(), block)
-                    block->code_block.children.add(ast_statement_ptr(ast_declaration_statement_ptr(holder, null<ast_node>(), false)))
-                    block->code_block.children.add(ast_statement_ptr(ast_assignment_statement_ptr(holder, make_operator_call("&", vector(value)))))
+                    block->code_block.children.add(ast_declaration_statement_ptr(holder, null<ast_node>(), false))
+                    block->code_block.children.add(ast_assignment_statement_ptr(holder, make_operator_call("&", vector(value))))
                     backing.cases.for_each(fun(case_stmt: *ast_node) {
                         var option = case_stmt->case_statement.option
                         var flag = get_from_scope(get_ast_type(value)->type_def, "flag")
@@ -158,7 +158,7 @@ fun adt_lower(name_ast_map: *map<string, pair<*tree<symbol>,*ast_node>>, ast_to_
                             var get_option = make_operator_call(".", vector(make_operator_call("->", vector(holder, data)), option))
                             get_option = make_operator_call("&", vector(get_option))
                             unpack_ident->identifier.type = unpack_ident->identifier.type->clone_with_ref()
-                            inner_block->code_block.children.add(ast_statement_ptr(ast_declaration_statement_ptr(unpack_ident, get_option, false)))
+                            inner_block->code_block.children.add(ast_declaration_statement_ptr(unpack_ident, get_option, false))
                         }
                         inner_block->code_block.children.add(case_stmt->case_statement.statement)
                         if_stmt->if_statement.then_part = inner_block
diff --git a/stdlib/ast_nodes.krak b/stdlib/ast_nodes.krak
index 50f4e05..d837919 100644
--- a/stdlib/ast_nodes.krak
+++ b/stdlib/ast_nodes.krak
@@ -21,7 +21,6 @@ adt ast_node {
     function: function,
     template: template,
     code_block: code_block,
-    statement: statement,
     if_statement: if_statement,
     match_statement: match_statement,
     case_statement: case_statement,
@@ -458,42 +457,6 @@ obj code_block (Object) {
         return children == other.children && scope == other.scope
     }
 }
-fun ast_statement_ptr(child: *ast_node): *ast_node {
-    var to_ret.construct(child): statement
-    var ptr = new<ast_node>()
-    ptr->copy_construct(&ast_node::statement(to_ret))
-    return ptr
-}
-fun is_statement(node: *ast_node): bool {
-    match(*node) {
-        ast_node::statement(backing) return true
-    }
-    return false
-}
-obj statement (Object) {
-    var scope: map<string, vector<*ast_node>>
-    var child: *ast_node
-    fun construct(child_in: *ast_node): *statement  {
-        child = null<ast_node>()
-        scope.construct()
-        child = child_in
-        return this
-    }
-    fun copy_construct(old: *statement) {
-        scope.copy_construct(&old->scope)
-        child = old->child
-    }
-    fun destruct() {
-        scope.destruct()
-    }
-    fun operator=(other: ref statement) {
-        destruct()
-        copy_construct(&other)
-    }
-    fun operator==(other: ref statement): bool {
-        return child == other.child
-    }
-}
 fun ast_if_statement_ptr(condition: *ast_node): *ast_node {
     var to_ret.construct(condition): if_statement
     var ptr = new<ast_node>()
@@ -992,7 +955,7 @@ obj function_call (Object) {
         return func == func && parameters == other.parameters
     }
 }
-fun ast_compiler_intrinsic_ptr(intrinsic: string, parameters: vector<string>, type_parameters: vector<*type>, return_type: *type): *ast_node {
+fun ast_compiler_intrinsic_ptr(intrinsic: string, parameters: vector<*ast_node>, type_parameters: vector<*type>, return_type: *type): *ast_node {
     var to_ret.construct(intrinsic, parameters, type_parameters, return_type): compiler_intrinsic
     var ptr = new<ast_node>()
     ptr->copy_construct(&ast_node::compiler_intrinsic(to_ret))
@@ -1006,10 +969,10 @@ fun is_compiler_intrinsic(node: *ast_node): bool {
 }
 obj compiler_intrinsic (Object) {
     var intrinsic: string
-    var parameters: vector<string>
+    var parameters: vector<*ast_node>
     var type_parameters: vector<*type>
     var return_type: *type
-    fun construct(intrinsic_in: string, parameters_in: vector<string>, type_parameters_in: vector<*type>, return_type_in: *type): *compiler_intrinsic  {
+    fun construct(intrinsic_in: string, parameters_in: vector<*ast_node>, type_parameters_in: vector<*type>, return_type_in: *type): *compiler_intrinsic  {
         intrinsic.copy_construct(&intrinsic_in)
         parameters.copy_construct(&parameters_in)
         type_parameters.copy_construct(&type_parameters_in)
@@ -1120,7 +1083,6 @@ fun get_ast_children(node: *ast_node): vector<*ast_node> {
         ast_node::function(backing) return backing.parameters + backing.body_statement
         ast_node::template(backing) return backing.instantiated
         ast_node::code_block(backing) return backing.children
-        ast_node::statement(backing) return vector<*ast_node>(backing.child)
         ast_node::if_statement(backing) return vector(backing.condition, backing.then_part, backing.else_part)
         ast_node::match_statement(backing) return vector(backing.value) + backing.cases
         ast_node::case_statement(backing) return vector(backing.option, backing.unpack_ident, backing.statement)
@@ -1159,7 +1121,6 @@ fun get_ast_name(node: *ast_node): string {
         }
         ast_node::template(backing) return string("template: ") + backing.name
         ast_node::code_block(backing) return string("code_block")
-        ast_node::statement(backing) return string("statement")
         ast_node::if_statement(backing) return string("if_statement")
         ast_node::match_statement(backing) return string("match_statement")
         ast_node::case_statement(backing) return string("case_statement")
@@ -1189,7 +1150,6 @@ fun get_ast_scope(node: *ast_node): *map<string,vector<*ast_node>> {
         ast_node::function() return &node->function.scope
         ast_node::template() return &node->template.scope
         ast_node::code_block() return &node->code_block.scope
-        ast_node::statement() return &node->statement.scope
         ast_node::if_statement() return &node->if_statement.scope
         ast_node::match_statement() return &node->match_statement.scope
         ast_node::case_statement() return &node->case_statement.scope
diff --git a/stdlib/ast_transformation.krak b/stdlib/ast_transformation.krak
index efba91c..6249c13 100644
--- a/stdlib/ast_transformation.krak
+++ b/stdlib/ast_transformation.krak
@@ -607,9 +607,7 @@ obj ast_transformation (Object) {
         return new_passthrough
     }
     fun transform_statement(node: *tree<symbol>, scope: *ast_node, template_replacements: map<string, *type>): *ast_node {
-        var to_ret = ast_statement_ptr(transform(node->children[0], scope, template_replacements));
-        ast_to_syntax.set(to_ret, node)
-        return to_ret
+        return transform(node->children[0], scope, template_replacements);
     }
     fun transform_declaration_statement(node: *tree<symbol>, scope: *ast_node, template_replacements: map<string, *type>): *ast_node {
         // this might have an init position method call
@@ -759,6 +757,7 @@ obj ast_transformation (Object) {
            error(node, string("the number of adts found was not 1, it was ") + the_adts.size + " for " + concat_symbol_tree(get_node("scoped_identifier", node)))
         var the_adt = the_adts[0]
         var the_option_name = concat_symbol_tree(get_node("identifier", get_node("scoped_identifier", node)))
+        // ADD IN ERROR CHECKING HERE
         var the_option = the_adt->adt_def.options.find_first_satisfying(fun(option: *ast_node): bool return option->identifier.name == the_option_name;)
         to_ret->case_statement.option = the_option
         var possible_ident = get_node("identifier", node)
@@ -779,32 +778,26 @@ obj ast_transformation (Object) {
         var func = transform(get_node("unarad", node), scope, search_type::function(parameter_types), template_replacements)
         // may return an identifier of type object if doing operator() - but the () have been stripped out by importer
         if (get_ast_type(func)->is_object()) {
-           /*println("Making an operator() method call!")*/
            return make_method_call(func, "operator", parameters)
         }
         var f = ast_function_call_ptr(func, parameters)
-        /*print("function call function ")*/
-        /*println(f->function_call.func)*/
-        /*print("function call parameters ")*/
-        /*f->function_call.parameters.for_each(fun(param: *ast_node) print(param);)*/
         return f
     }
     fun transform_compiler_intrinsic(node: *tree<symbol>, scope: *ast_node, template_replacements: map<string, *type>): *ast_node {
-        // don't bother with a full transform for parameters with their own function, just get the boolean expression and transform it
-        var parameters = vector<string>()
-        var type_parameters = vector<*type>()
-        if (get_nodes("intrinsic_parameter", node).size)
-            parameters = get_nodes("intrinsic_parameter", node).map(fun(child: *tree<symbol>): string return concat_symbol_tree(child);)
-        if (get_nodes("type", node).size)
-            type_parameters = get_nodes("type", node).map(fun(child: *tree<symbol>): *type return transform_type(child, scope, template_replacements);)
-        return ast_compiler_intrinsic_ptr(concat_symbol_tree(get_node("identifier", node)), parameters, type_parameters, type_ptr(base_type::ulong_int()))
-        /*return ast_compiler_intrinsic_ptr(concat_symbol_tree(get_node("identifier", node)), parameters, type_parameters, type_ptr(base_type::integer()))*/
+        var parameters = get_nodes("parameter", node).map(fun(child: *tree<symbol>): *ast_node return transform(get_node("boolean_expression", child), scope, template_replacements);)
+        var type_parameters = get_nodes("type", node).map(fun(child: *tree<symbol>): *type return transform_type(child, scope, template_replacements);)
+        var intrinsic_name = concat_symbol_tree(get_node("identifier", node))
+        var intrinsic_return_type: *type
+        if (intrinsic_name == "ctce")
+            intrinsic_return_type = get_ast_type(parameters[0])
+        else
+            intrinsic_return_type = type_ptr(base_type::ulong_int())
+        return ast_compiler_intrinsic_ptr(intrinsic_name, parameters, type_parameters, intrinsic_return_type)
     }
     fun transform_lambda(node: *tree<symbol>, scope: *ast_node, template_replacements: map<string, *type>): *ast_node {
         var function_node = second_pass_function(node, scope, template_replacements, false)
         function_node->function.body_statement = transform_statement(get_node("statement", node), function_node, template_replacements)
         function_node->function.closed_variables = find_closed_variables(function_node, function_node->function.body_statement)
-        /*println(string("Found ") + function_node->function.closed_variables.size() + " closed variables!")*/
         while (!is_translation_unit(scope)) scope = get_ast_scope(scope)->get(string("~enclosing_scope"))[0]
         scope->translation_unit.lambdas.add(function_node)
         return function_node
@@ -816,9 +809,6 @@ obj ast_transformation (Object) {
                 if (!in_scope_chain(backing.enclosing_scope, func))
                     return set(node);
             }
-            ast_node::statement(backing) {
-                return find_closed_variables(func, backing.child)
-            }
             ast_node::code_block(backing) {
                 var to_ret = set<*ast_node>()
                 backing.children.for_each(fun(n: *ast_node) to_ret += find_closed_variables(func, n);)
@@ -894,7 +884,8 @@ obj ast_transformation (Object) {
            return in_scope_chain(get_ast_scope(node)->get(string("~enclosing_scope"))[0], high_scope)
         return false
     }
-    fun transform_expression(node: *tree<symbol>, scope: *ast_node, template_replacements: map<string, *type>): *ast_node return transform_expression(node, scope, search_type::none(), template_replacements)
+    fun transform_expression(node: *tree<symbol>, scope: *ast_node, template_replacements: map<string, *type>): *ast_node
+        return transform_expression(node, scope, search_type::none(), template_replacements)
     fun transform_expression(node: *tree<symbol>, scope: *ast_node, searching_for: search_type, template_replacements: map<string, *type>): *ast_node {
         var func_name = string()
         var parameters = vector<*ast_node>()
diff --git a/stdlib/c_generator.krak b/stdlib/c_generator.krak
index f82e6c7..2985a49 100644
--- a/stdlib/c_generator.krak
+++ b/stdlib/c_generator.krak
@@ -229,8 +229,8 @@ obj c_generator (Object) {
             if (!backing.is_extern)
                 function_definitions += prototype_and_header.second
             if (backing.body_statement) {
-                function_definitions += string(" {\n") + generate_statement(backing.body_statement, enclosing_object, child).one_string()
-                function_definitions += "}\n"
+                function_definitions += string(" {\n") + generate(backing.body_statement, enclosing_object, child, false).one_string()
+                function_definitions += ";\n}\n"
             } else if (!backing.is_extern) {
                 error("Empty function statement and not extern - no ADTs anymore!")
             }
@@ -256,8 +256,8 @@ obj c_generator (Object) {
                 match (*child) {
                     // should really check the genrator
                     ast_node::if_comp(backing) {
-                        if (is_simple_passthrough(backing.statement->statement.child))
-                            top_level_c_passthrough += generate_simple_passthrough(backing.statement->statement.child, true)
+                        if (is_simple_passthrough(backing.statement))
+                            top_level_c_passthrough += generate_simple_passthrough(backing.statement, true)
                     }
                     ast_node::simple_passthrough(backing) top_level_c_passthrough += generate_simple_passthrough(child, true)
                     ast_node::declaration_statement(backing) variable_declarations += generate_declaration_statement(child, null<ast_node>(), null<ast_node>(), false).one_string() + ";\n" // false - don't do defer
@@ -368,7 +368,6 @@ obj c_generator (Object) {
             return pre + result + post
         return pre + "{" + result + "}" + post
     }
-    fun generate_statement(node: *ast_node, enclosing_object: *ast_node, enclosing_func: *ast_node): code_triple return generate(node->statement.child, enclosing_object, enclosing_func, false) + ";\n";
     fun generate_declaration_statement(node: *ast_node, enclosing_object: *ast_node, enclosing_func: *ast_node, add_to_defer: bool): code_triple {
         var identifier = node->declaration_statement.identifier
         var ident_type = identifier->identifier.type
@@ -508,7 +507,7 @@ obj c_generator (Object) {
     }
     fun generate_code_block(node: *ast_node, enclosing_object: *ast_node, enclosing_func: *ast_node): code_triple {
         var to_ret = code_triple("{\n")
-        node->code_block.children.for_each(fun(child: *ast_node) to_ret += generate(child, enclosing_object, enclosing_func, false).one_string();)
+        node->code_block.children.for_each(fun(child: *ast_node) to_ret += generate(child, enclosing_object, enclosing_func, false).one_string() + ";\n";)
         return to_ret + "}"
     }
     // this generates the function as a value, not the actual function
@@ -682,8 +681,8 @@ obj c_generator (Object) {
                 error("wrong parameters to sizeof compiler intrinsic")
             return code_triple("sizeof(") + type_to_c(node->compiler_intrinsic.type_parameters[0]) + ")"
         } else if (node->compiler_intrinsic.intrinsic == "link") {
-            node->compiler_intrinsic.parameters.for_each(fun(str: string) {
-                linker_string += string("-l") + str + " "
+            node->compiler_intrinsic.parameters.for_each(fun(value: *ast_node) {
+                linker_string += string("-l") + value->value.string_value.slice(1,-2) + " "
             })
             return code_triple()
         }
@@ -697,7 +696,6 @@ obj c_generator (Object) {
         match (*node) {
             ast_node::if_comp(backing) return generate_if_comp(node, enclosing_object, enclosing_func)
             ast_node::simple_passthrough(backing) return code_triple() + generate_simple_passthrough(node, false)
-            ast_node::statement(backing) return generate_statement(node, enclosing_object, enclosing_func)
             ast_node::declaration_statement(backing) return generate_declaration_statement(node, enclosing_object, enclosing_func, true)
             ast_node::assignment_statement(backing) return generate_assignment_statement(node, enclosing_object, enclosing_func)
             ast_node::if_statement(backing) return generate_if_statement(node, enclosing_object, enclosing_func)
diff --git a/stdlib/c_line_control.krak b/stdlib/c_line_control.krak
index 2a19b05..b089d1b 100644
--- a/stdlib/c_line_control.krak
+++ b/stdlib/c_line_control.krak
@@ -20,18 +20,16 @@ fun get_line(node: *tree<symbol>, name: string): *ast_node {
 fun c_line_control(name_ast_map: *map<string, pair<*tree<symbol>,*ast_node>>, ast_to_syntax: *map<*ast_node, *tree<symbol>>) {
     var first = true
     name_ast_map->for_each(fun(name: string, syntax_ast_pair: pair<*tree<symbol>,*ast_node>) {
-        var helper = fun(node: *ast_node, parent_chain: *stack<*ast_node>) {
-            match(*node) {
-                ast_node::statement(backing) {
-                    if (is_code_block(parent_chain->top()) && ast_to_syntax->contains_key(node)) {
+        /*var helper = fun(node: *ast_node, parent_chain: *stack<*ast_node>) {*/
+            /*match(*node) {*/
+                    /*if (is_code_block(parent_chain->top()) && ast_to_syntax->contains_key(node)) {*/
                         /*println(string("adding ") + get_ast_name(node) + " to " + get_ast_name(parent))*/
-                        add_before_in(get_line(ast_to_syntax->get(node), name), node, parent_chain->top())
-                    }
-                }
-            }
-        }
-        if (first)
-            run_on_tree(helper, empty_pass_second_half, syntax_ast_pair.second)
+                        /*add_before_in(get_line(ast_to_syntax->get(node), name), node, parent_chain->top())*/
+                    /*}*/
+            /*}*/
+        /*}*/
+        /*if (first)*/
+            /*run_on_tree(helper, empty_pass_second_half, syntax_ast_pair.second)*/
         first = false
     })
 }
diff --git a/stdlib/ctce_lower.krak b/stdlib/ctce_lower.krak
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..821c498
--- /dev/null
+++ b/stdlib/ctce_lower.krak
@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+import symbol:*
+import tree:*
+import vector:*
+import map:*
+import util:*
+import string:*
+import mem:*
+import io:*
+import ast_nodes:*
+import ast_transformation:*
+import interpreter:*
+
+import pass_common:*
+
+fun ctce_lower(name_ast_map: *map<string, pair<*tree<symbol>,*ast_node>>, ast_to_syntax: *map<*ast_node, *tree<symbol>>) {
+    name_ast_map->for_each(fun(name: string, syntax_ast_pair: pair<*tree<symbol>,*ast_node>) {
+        var helper_before = fun(node: *ast_node, parent_chain: *stack<*ast_node>) {
+            match(*node) {
+                ast_node::compiler_intrinsic(backing) {
+                    if (backing.intrinsic == "ctce") {
+                        var result = evaluate_constant_expression(backing.parameters[0])
+                        *node = *unwrap_value(result)
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        run_on_tree(helper_before, empty_pass_second_half, syntax_ast_pair.second)
+    })
+}
+
diff --git a/stdlib/defer_lower.krak b/stdlib/defer_lower.krak
index 372d229..838d1bc 100644
--- a/stdlib/defer_lower.krak
+++ b/stdlib/defer_lower.krak
@@ -19,8 +19,8 @@ fun defer_lower(name_ast_map: *map<string, pair<*tree<symbol>,*ast_node>>, ast_t
         var helper_before = fun(node: *ast_node, parent_chain: *stack<*ast_node>) {
             match(*node) {
                 ast_node::defer_statement(backing) {
-                    if (is_code_block(parent_chain->top()) || (is_statement(parent_chain->top()) && is_code_block(parent_chain->from_top(1)))) {
-                        remove_full_statement(node, parent_chain)
+                    if (is_code_block(parent_chain->top())) {
+                        remove(node, parent_chain)
                         defer_double_stack.top().push(backing.statement)
                     } else {
                         replace_with_in(node, backing.statement, parent_chain)
@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ fun defer_lower(name_ast_map: *map<string, pair<*tree<symbol>,*ast_node>>, ast_t
                     replace_with_in(node, block, parent_chain)
                     for (var i = 0; i < defer_double_stack.size() - loop_stack.top(); i++;)
                         block->code_block.children.add_all(defer_double_stack.from_top(i).reverse_vector())
-                    block->code_block.children.add(ast_statement_ptr(node))
+                    block->code_block.children.add(node)
                 }
                 ast_node::return_statement(backing) {
                     var block = ast_code_block_ptr()
@@ -57,8 +57,8 @@ fun defer_lower(name_ast_map: *map<string, pair<*tree<symbol>,*ast_node>>, ast_t
                         if (get_ast_type(enclosing_function)->return_type->is_ref)
                             return_value = make_operator_call("&", vector(return_value))
                         var temp_return = ast_identifier_ptr("temp_boom_return", get_ast_type(return_value)->clone_without_ref(), block)
-                        block->code_block.children.add(ast_statement_ptr(ast_declaration_statement_ptr(temp_return, null<ast_node>(), false)))
-                        block->code_block.children.add(ast_statement_ptr(assign_or_copy_construct_statement(temp_return, return_value)))
+                        block->code_block.children.add(ast_declaration_statement_ptr(temp_return, null<ast_node>(), false))
+                        block->code_block.children.add(assign_or_copy_construct_statement(temp_return, return_value))
                         // dereference so that the real ref can take it back
                         if (get_ast_type(enclosing_function)->return_type->is_ref)
                             temp_return = make_operator_call("*", vector(temp_return))
@@ -66,7 +66,7 @@ fun defer_lower(name_ast_map: *map<string, pair<*tree<symbol>,*ast_node>>, ast_t
                     }
                     for (var i = 0; i < defer_double_stack.size(); i++;)
                         block->code_block.children.add_all(defer_double_stack.from_top(i).reverse_vector())
-                    block->code_block.children.add(ast_statement_ptr(node))
+                    block->code_block.children.add(node)
                 }
                 ast_node::code_block(backing) {
                     node->code_block.children.add_all(defer_double_stack.pop().reverse_vector())
diff --git a/stdlib/interpreter.krak b/stdlib/interpreter.krak
index 53cecc5..267a73a 100644
--- a/stdlib/interpreter.krak
+++ b/stdlib/interpreter.krak
@@ -119,6 +119,33 @@ fun wrap_value(val: *ast_node): value {
     error("Could not wrap value")
     return value::void_nothing()
 }
+fun unwrap_value(val: value): *ast_node {
+    // string, char, bool, floating
+    var value_string = string()
+    match (get_real_value(val)) {
+        value::boolean(data) value_string = to_string(data)
+        value::character(data) value_string = to_string(data)
+        value::ucharacter(data) value_string = to_string(data)
+        value::short_int(data) value_string = to_string(data)
+        value::ushort_int(data) value_string = to_string(data)
+        value::integer(data) value_string = to_string(data)
+        value::uinteger(data) value_string = to_string(data)
+        value::long_int(data) value_string = to_string(data)
+        value::ulong_int(data) value_string = to_string(data)
+        value::floating(data) value_string = to_string(data)
+        value::double_precision(data) value_string = to_string(data)
+        value::void_nothing() error("trying to unwrap a void into an ast_value_ptr")
+        value::pointer(point) {
+            if (point.second->base == base_type::character() && point.second->indirection == 1)
+                value_string = string("\"") + string((point.first) cast *char) + "\""
+            else
+                error("trying to unwrap a pointer into an ast_value_ptr")
+        }
+        value::object_like(ob) error("trying to unwrap an object_like into an ast_value_ptr")
+        value::function(fn) error("trying to unwrap a function into an ast_value_ptr")
+    }
+    return ast_value_ptr(value_string, get_type_from_primitive_value(get_real_value(val)))
+}
 
 fun is_boolean(it: value): bool { match(it) { value::boolean(var) return true; } return false; }
 fun is_character(it: value): bool { match(it) { value::character(var) return true; } return false; }
@@ -799,9 +826,6 @@ fun interpret_function(function: *ast_node, var_stack: *stack<map<*ast_node, val
     })
     return make_pair(value::function(make_pair(function, possible_closure_map)), control_flow::nor())
 }
-fun interpret_statement(stmt: *ast_node, var_stack: *stack<map<*ast_node, value>>, enclosing_object: value, enclosing_func: *ast_node, globals: *map<*ast_node, value>): pair<value, control_flow> {
-    return interpret(stmt->statement.child, var_stack, enclosing_object, enclosing_func, globals)
-}
 fun interpret_if_statement(if_stmt: *ast_node, var_stack: *stack<map<*ast_node, value>>, enclosing_object: value, enclosing_func: *ast_node, globals: *map<*ast_node, value>): pair<value, control_flow> {
     var_stack->push(map<*ast_node,value>())
     var value_from_inside = make_pair(value::void_nothing(), control_flow::nor())
@@ -974,7 +998,6 @@ fun interpret(node: *ast_node, var_stack: *stack<map<*ast_node, value>>, enclosi
     match (*node) {
         ast_node::function_call(backing) return interpret_function_call(node, var_stack, enclosing_object, enclosing_func, globals)
         ast_node::function(backing) return interpret_function(node, var_stack, enclosing_object, enclosing_func, globals)
-        ast_node::statement(backing) return interpret_statement(node, var_stack, enclosing_object, enclosing_func, globals)
         ast_node::if_statement(backing) return interpret_if_statement(node, var_stack, enclosing_object, enclosing_func, globals)
         ast_node::while_loop(backing) return interpret_while_loop(node, var_stack, enclosing_object, enclosing_func, globals)
         ast_node::for_loop(backing) return interpret_for_loop(node, var_stack, enclosing_object, enclosing_func, globals)
diff --git a/stdlib/io.krak b/stdlib/io.krak
index b9ff77e..4ac83f8 100644
--- a/stdlib/io.krak
+++ b/stdlib/io.krak
@@ -4,7 +4,6 @@ import mem:*
 
 ext fun printf(fmt_str: *char, ...): int
 ext fun fprintf(file: *void, format: *char, ...): int
-ext fun snprintf(to_str: *char, num: ulong, format: *char, ...): int
 ext fun fflush(file: int): int
 ext var stderr: *void
 ext fun fgets(buff: *char, size: int, file: *void): *char
@@ -63,16 +62,6 @@ fun print(toPrint: bool) {
     else
         print("false")
 }
-fun print(toPrint: float)
-    print((toPrint) cast double)
-
-fun print(toPrint: double) {
-    var how_much = snprintf(null<char>(), (0) cast ulong, "%f", toPrint)
-    var int_str =  new<char>(how_much+2)
-    snprintf(int_str, (how_much+1) cast ulong, "%f", toPrint)
-    print(int_str)
-    delete(int_str)
-}
 fun print<T>(toPrint: T): void 
     print(string::to_string(toPrint))
 
diff --git a/stdlib/math.krak b/stdlib/math.krak
index 3b36c31..1298da3 100644
--- a/stdlib/math.krak
+++ b/stdlib/math.krak
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/*#link("m")*/
 #link(m)
 
 fun fibanacci(num: int): int {
diff --git a/stdlib/obj_lower.krak b/stdlib/obj_lower.krak
index 559032c..618b8b1 100644
--- a/stdlib/obj_lower.krak
+++ b/stdlib/obj_lower.krak
@@ -25,10 +25,10 @@ fun obj_lower(name_ast_map: *map<string, pair<*tree<symbol>,*ast_node>>, ast_to_
         // Pass 1
         var ensure_block_and_munge = fun(node: *ast_node, parent_chain: *stack<*ast_node>) {
             match(*node) {
-                ast_node::function(backing) if (backing.body_statement && !is_code_block(backing.body_statement)) backing.body_statement = ast_statement_ptr(ast_code_block_ptr(backing.body_statement))
+                ast_node::function(backing) if (backing.body_statement && !is_code_block(backing.body_statement)) backing.body_statement = ast_code_block_ptr(backing.body_statement)
                 ast_node::if_statement(backing) {
-                    if (!is_code_block(backing.then_part)) backing.then_part = ast_statement_ptr(ast_code_block_ptr(backing.then_part))
-                    if (backing.else_part && !is_code_block(backing.else_part)) backing.else_part = ast_statement_ptr(ast_code_block_ptr(backing.else_part))
+                    if (!is_code_block(backing.then_part)) backing.then_part = ast_code_block_ptr(backing.then_part)
+                    if (backing.else_part && !is_code_block(backing.else_part)) backing.else_part = ast_code_block_ptr(backing.else_part)
                 }
                 // no need for case because it's already been lowered
                 ast_node::while_loop(backing) {
@@ -37,33 +37,33 @@ fun obj_lower(name_ast_map: *map<string, pair<*tree<symbol>,*ast_node>>, ast_to_
                     backing.condition = ast_value_ptr(string("true"), type_ptr(base_type::boolean()))
                     // objects do not coerce to booleans, so it should be ok for this not to be a ref
                     var condition_ident = ast_identifier_ptr("condition_temp", get_ast_type(condition), backing.statement)
-                    backing.statement->code_block.children.add(0, ast_statement_ptr(ast_declaration_statement_ptr(condition_ident, condition, false)))
+                    backing.statement->code_block.children.add(0, ast_declaration_statement_ptr(condition_ident, condition, false))
                     var condition_if = ast_if_statement_ptr(make_operator_call("!", vector(condition_ident)))
-                    condition_if->if_statement.then_part = ast_statement_ptr(ast_branching_statement_ptr(branching_type::break_stmt()))
-                    backing.statement->code_block.children.add(1, ast_statement_ptr(condition_if))
+                    condition_if->if_statement.then_part = ast_branching_statement_ptr(branching_type::break_stmt())
+                    backing.statement->code_block.children.add(1, condition_if)
                 }
                 ast_node::for_loop(backing) {
                     if (!is_code_block(backing.body)) backing.body = ast_code_block_ptr(backing.body)
-                    add_before_in(backing.init, parent_chain->top(), parent_chain->from_top(1)) 
+                    add_before_in(backing.init, node, parent_chain->top()) 
                     backing.init = null<ast_node>()
                     // the do_update goes in the block above the for
-                    var update_ident = ast_identifier_ptr("do_update", type_ptr(base_type::boolean()), parent_chain->from_top(1))
-                    add_before_in(ast_statement_ptr(ast_declaration_statement_ptr(update_ident, ast_value_ptr(string("false"), type_ptr(base_type::boolean())), false)),
-                            parent_chain->top(), parent_chain->from_top(1))
+                    var update_ident = ast_identifier_ptr("do_update", type_ptr(base_type::boolean()), parent_chain->top())
+                    add_before_in(ast_declaration_statement_ptr(update_ident, ast_value_ptr(string("false"), type_ptr(base_type::boolean())), false),
+                            node, parent_chain->top())
                     var update_if = ast_if_statement_ptr(update_ident)
-                    update_if->if_statement.then_part = ast_statement_ptr(ast_code_block_ptr(backing.update))
+                    update_if->if_statement.then_part = ast_code_block_ptr(backing.update)
                     backing.update = null<ast_node>()
-                    backing.body->code_block.children.add(0, ast_statement_ptr(update_if))
-                    backing.body->code_block.children.add(1, ast_statement_ptr(ast_assignment_statement_ptr(update_ident, ast_value_ptr(string("true"), type_ptr(base_type::boolean())))))
+                    backing.body->code_block.children.add(0, update_if)
+                    backing.body->code_block.children.add(1, ast_assignment_statement_ptr(update_ident, ast_value_ptr(string("true"), type_ptr(base_type::boolean()))))
 
                     var condition = backing.condition
                     backing.condition = ast_value_ptr(string("true"), type_ptr(base_type::boolean()))
                     // objects do not coerce to booleans, so it should be ok for this not to be a ref
                     var condition_ident = ast_identifier_ptr("condition_temp", get_ast_type(condition), backing.body)
-                    backing.body->code_block.children.add(2, ast_statement_ptr(ast_declaration_statement_ptr(condition_ident, condition, false)))
+                    backing.body->code_block.children.add(2, ast_declaration_statement_ptr(condition_ident, condition, false))
                     var condition_if = ast_if_statement_ptr(make_operator_call("!", vector(condition_ident)))
-                    condition_if->if_statement.then_part = ast_statement_ptr(ast_branching_statement_ptr(branching_type::break_stmt()))
-                    backing.body->code_block.children.add(3, ast_statement_ptr(condition_if))
+                    condition_if->if_statement.then_part = ast_branching_statement_ptr(branching_type::break_stmt())
+                    backing.body->code_block.children.add(3, condition_if)
                 }
             }
         }
@@ -87,17 +87,17 @@ fun obj_lower(name_ast_map: *map<string, pair<*tree<symbol>,*ast_node>>, ast_to_
                     if (func_name == "||" || func_name == "&&") {
                         var enclosing_block_idx = parent_chain->index_from_top_satisfying(fun(i: *ast_node): bool return is_code_block(i);)
                         var short_circuit_result = ast_identifier_ptr("short_circut_result", type_ptr(base_type::boolean()), parent_chain->from_top(enclosing_block_idx))
-                        var short_circuit_declaration = ast_statement_ptr(ast_declaration_statement_ptr(short_circuit_result, backing.parameters[0], false))
+                        var short_circuit_declaration = ast_declaration_statement_ptr(short_circuit_result, backing.parameters[0], false)
                         var condition = short_circuit_result
                         if (func_name == "||")
                             condition = make_operator_call("!", vector(condition))
                         var short_circuit_if = ast_if_statement_ptr(condition)
                         // how to get proper parent scoping working for this part
-                        short_circuit_if->if_statement.then_part = ast_code_block_ptr(ast_statement_ptr(ast_assignment_statement_ptr(short_circuit_result, backing.parameters[1])))
+                        short_circuit_if->if_statement.then_part = ast_code_block_ptr(ast_assignment_statement_ptr(short_circuit_result, backing.parameters[1]))
                         add_before_in(short_circuit_declaration, parent_chain->from_top(enclosing_block_idx-1), parent_chain->from_top(enclosing_block_idx))
-                        add_before_in(ast_statement_ptr(short_circuit_if), parent_chain->from_top(enclosing_block_idx-1), parent_chain->from_top(enclosing_block_idx))
+                        add_before_in(short_circuit_if, parent_chain->from_top(enclosing_block_idx-1), parent_chain->from_top(enclosing_block_idx))
                         replace_with_in(node, short_circuit_result, parent_chain)
-                        var shorter_tree =stack_from_vector( parent_chain->data.slice(0, parent_chain->size()-enclosing_block_idx))
+                        var shorter_tree = stack_from_vector( parent_chain->data.slice(0, parent_chain->size()-enclosing_block_idx))
                         run_on_tree_helper(short_circut_op, empty_pass_second_half, short_circuit_declaration, &shorter_tree, false)
                         run_on_tree_helper(short_circut_op, empty_pass_second_half, short_circuit_if, &shorter_tree, false)
                         return false
@@ -124,6 +124,12 @@ fun obj_lower(name_ast_map: *map<string, pair<*tree<symbol>,*ast_node>>, ast_to_
                             return
                     }
                     var enclosing_block_idx = parent_chain->index_from_top_satisfying(fun(i: *ast_node): bool return is_code_block(i);)
+                    var replace_before: *ast_node
+                    if (enclosing_block_idx > 0)
+                        replace_before = parent_chain->from_top(enclosing_block_idx-1)
+                    else
+                        replace_before = node
+                    var replace_in = parent_chain->from_top(enclosing_block_idx)
                     var func_type = get_ast_type(backing.func)
                     for (var i = 0; i < backing.parameters.size; i++;) {
                         var param = backing.parameters[i]
@@ -136,20 +142,20 @@ fun obj_lower(name_ast_map: *map<string, pair<*tree<symbol>,*ast_node>>, ast_to_
                         var param_type = get_ast_type(param)
                         if (!in_function_param_type->is_ref && param_type->indirection == 0 && (param_type->is_object() && has_method(param_type->type_def, "copy_construct", vector(param_type->clone_with_indirection(1))))) {
                             var temp_ident = ast_identifier_ptr("temporary_param_boom", param_type->clone_without_ref(), null<ast_node>())
-                            var declaration = ast_statement_ptr(ast_declaration_statement_ptr(temp_ident, null<ast_node>(), false))
-                            var copy_in = ast_statement_ptr(make_method_call(temp_ident, "copy_construct", vector(make_operator_call("&", vector(param)))))
-                            add_before_in(declaration, parent_chain->from_top(enclosing_block_idx-1), parent_chain->from_top(enclosing_block_idx))
-                            add_before_in(copy_in, parent_chain->from_top(enclosing_block_idx-1), parent_chain->from_top(enclosing_block_idx))
+                            var declaration = ast_declaration_statement_ptr(temp_ident, null<ast_node>(), false)
+                            var copy_in = make_method_call(temp_ident, "copy_construct", vector(make_operator_call("&", vector(param))))
+                            add_before_in(declaration, replace_before, replace_in)
+                            add_before_in(copy_in, replace_before, replace_in)
                             backing.parameters[i] = temp_ident
                         }
                     }
                     var func_return_type = func_type->return_type
                     if (!func_return_type->is_ref && func_return_type->indirection == 0 && (func_return_type->is_object() && has_method(func_return_type->type_def, "destruct", vector<*type>()))) {
                         var temp_return = ast_identifier_ptr("temporary_return_boomchaka", func_return_type, null<ast_node>())
-                        var declaration = ast_statement_ptr(ast_declaration_statement_ptr(temp_return, node, false))
-                        add_before_in(declaration, parent_chain->from_top(enclosing_block_idx-1), parent_chain->from_top(enclosing_block_idx))
-                        add_before_in(ast_statement_ptr(ast_defer_statement_ptr(ast_statement_ptr(make_method_call(temp_return, "destruct", vector<*ast_node>())))),
-                                parent_chain->from_top(enclosing_block_idx-1), parent_chain->from_top(enclosing_block_idx)) 
+                        var declaration = ast_declaration_statement_ptr(temp_return, node, false)
+                        add_before_in(declaration, replace_before, replace_in)
+                        add_before_in(ast_defer_statement_ptr(make_method_call(temp_return, "destruct", vector<*ast_node>())),
+                                replace_before, replace_in) 
                         replace_with_in(node, temp_return, parent_chain)
                     }
                 }
@@ -159,8 +165,8 @@ fun obj_lower(name_ast_map: *map<string, pair<*tree<symbol>,*ast_node>>, ast_to_
                         var param_type = get_ast_type(param)
                         if (!param_type->is_ref && param_type->indirection == 0 && (param_type->is_object() && has_method(param_type->type_def, "destruct", vector<*type>()))) {
                             // the first pass ensures a code_block child
-                            backing.body_statement->statement.child->code_block.children.add(order++,
-                                ast_statement_ptr(ast_defer_statement_ptr(ast_statement_ptr(make_method_call(param, "destruct", vector<*ast_node>())))))
+                            backing.body_statement->code_block.children.add(order++,
+                                ast_defer_statement_ptr(make_method_call(param, "destruct", vector<*ast_node>())))
                         }
                     })
                 }
@@ -171,18 +177,18 @@ fun obj_lower(name_ast_map: *map<string, pair<*tree<symbol>,*ast_node>>, ast_to_
                     if (!ident_type->is_ref && ident_type->indirection == 0 && ident_type->is_object()) {
                         if (backing.expression && has_method(ident_type->type_def, "copy_construct", vector(get_ast_type(backing.expression)->clone_with_increased_indirection()))) {
                             var temp_cpy_ctst = ast_identifier_ptr("temp_declaration_copy_construct", get_ast_type(backing.expression)->clone_without_ref(), null<ast_node>())
-                            var declaration = ast_statement_ptr(ast_declaration_statement_ptr(temp_cpy_ctst, backing.expression, false))
-                            add_after_in(ast_statement_ptr(make_method_call(backing.identifier, "copy_construct", vector(make_operator_call("&", vector(temp_cpy_ctst))))),
-                                    parent_chain->top(), parent_chain->from_top(1))
+                            var declaration = ast_declaration_statement_ptr(temp_cpy_ctst, backing.expression, false)
+                            add_after_in(make_method_call(backing.identifier, "copy_construct", vector(make_operator_call("&", vector(temp_cpy_ctst)))),
+                                    node, parent_chain->top())
                             // do second so the order's right
                             add_after_in(declaration, 
-                                    parent_chain->top(), parent_chain->from_top(1))
+                                    node, parent_chain->top())
                             backing.expression = null<ast_node>()
                         }
                         if (has_method(ident_type->type_def, "destruct", vector<*type>())) {
                             // have to go up one because our parent is a statement
-                            add_after_in(ast_statement_ptr(ast_defer_statement_ptr(ast_statement_ptr(make_method_call(backing.identifier, "destruct", vector<*ast_node>())))),
-                                        parent_chain->top(), parent_chain->from_top(1))
+                            add_after_in(ast_defer_statement_ptr(make_method_call(backing.identifier, "destruct", vector<*ast_node>())),
+                                    node, parent_chain->top())
                         }
                     }
                 }
diff --git a/stdlib/pass_common.krak b/stdlib/pass_common.krak
index 34a7982..2fa7393 100644
--- a/stdlib/pass_common.krak
+++ b/stdlib/pass_common.krak
@@ -262,15 +262,6 @@ fun get_children_pointer(node: *ast_node): *vector<*ast_node> {
     }
     return bc
 }
-
-fun remove_full_statement(node: *ast_node, parent_chain: *stack<*ast_node>): *ast_node {
-    if (is_statement(node))
-        return remove(node, parent_chain)
-    if (is_statement(parent_chain->top()))
-        return remove(parent_chain->top(), parent_chain->from_top(1))
-    error(string("cannot remove full statement in ") + get_ast_name(parent_chain->top()))
-}
-
 fun remove(orig: *ast_node, in: *stack<*ast_node>): *ast_node
     return remove(orig, in->top())
 fun remove(orig: *ast_node, in: *ast_node): *ast_node {
@@ -289,7 +280,6 @@ fun replace_with_in(orig: *ast_node, new: *ast_node, in: *stack<*ast_node>)
     replace_with_in(orig, new, in->top())
 fun replace_with_in(orig: *ast_node, new: *ast_node, in: *ast_node) {
     match (*in) {
-        ast_node::statement(backing) { backing.child = new; return; }
         ast_node::return_statement(backing) { backing.return_value = new; return; }
         ast_node::assignment_statement(backing) {
             if (backing.to == orig) {
@@ -431,7 +421,6 @@ fun run_on_tree_helper(func_before: fun(*ast_node,*stack<*ast_node>):bool, func_
             ast_node::function(backing) get_ast_children(node).for_each(fun(n: *ast_node) run_on_tree_helper(func_before, func_after, n, parent_chain, false);)
             ast_node::template(backing) get_ast_children(node).for_each(fun(n: *ast_node) run_on_tree_helper(func_before, func_after, n, parent_chain, true);)
             ast_node::code_block(backing) get_ast_children(node).for_each(fun(n: *ast_node) run_on_tree_helper(func_before, func_after, n, parent_chain, false);)
-            ast_node::statement(backing) get_ast_children(node).for_each(fun(n: *ast_node) run_on_tree_helper(func_before, func_after, n, parent_chain, false);)
             ast_node::if_statement(backing) get_ast_children(node).for_each(fun(n: *ast_node) run_on_tree_helper(func_before, func_after, n, parent_chain, false);)
             ast_node::match_statement(backing) get_ast_children(node).for_each(fun(n: *ast_node) run_on_tree_helper(func_before, func_after, n, parent_chain, false);)
             ast_node::case_statement(backing) get_ast_children(node).for_each(fun(n: *ast_node) run_on_tree_helper(func_before, func_after, n, parent_chain, false);)
diff --git a/stdlib/string.krak b/stdlib/string.krak
index 0bb827c..2a160ef 100644
--- a/stdlib/string.krak
+++ b/stdlib/string.krak
@@ -4,9 +4,22 @@ import mem
 import serialize
 import io
 
-/*fun to_string(in: bool): string*/
-    /*if (in) return string("true")*/
-    /*else return string("false")*/
+ext fun snprintf(to_str: *char, num: ulong, format: *char, ...): int
+fun to_string(in: float): string
+    return to_string((in) cast double)
+fun to_string(in: double): string {
+    var how_much = snprintf(mem::null<char>(), (0) cast ulong, "%f", in)
+    var int_str =  mem::new<char>(how_much+2)
+    snprintf(int_str, (how_much+1) cast ulong, "%f", in)
+    var to_ret = string(int_str)
+    mem::delete(int_str)
+    return to_ret
+}
+fun to_string(in: bool): string
+    if (in) return string("true")
+    else return string("false")
+fun to_string(in: char): string
+    return string(in)
 fun to_string(in: uchar): string
     return to_string_num(in)
 fun to_string(in: short): string
@@ -98,10 +111,6 @@ obj string (Object, Serializable) {
         data.construct(len);
         data.set_size(len);
         mem::memmove((data.getBackingMemory()) cast *void, (str) cast *void, (len) cast ulong)
-        /*while(*str) {*/
-            /*data.addEnd(*str);*/
-            /*str += 1;*/
-        /*}*/
         // no null terminator
         return this;
     }
diff --git a/stdlib/thread.krak b/stdlib/thread.krak
index 66d22d3..1120378 100644
--- a/stdlib/thread.krak
+++ b/stdlib/thread.krak
@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@ import os:*
 import mem:*
 import util:*
 
+/*#link("pthread")*/
 #link(pthread)
 ext fun pthread_attr_init(attr_ptr: *void): int
 ext fun pthread_create(thread: *ulong, attr_ptr: *void, func: *void, param: *void): int
diff --git a/stdlib/vector.krak b/stdlib/vector.krak
index 8d54863..a35a5ad 100644
--- a/stdlib/vector.krak
+++ b/stdlib/vector.krak
@@ -226,6 +226,10 @@ obj vector<T> (Object, Serializable) {
     }
 
     fun add(index: int, dataIn: ref T) {
+        if (size == 0) {
+            add(dataIn)
+            return
+        }
         add(last())
         for (var i = size-2; i > index; i--;) {
             data[i] = data[i-1]