diff --git a/k.krak b/k.krak
index a425a39..c651b37 100644
--- a/k.krak
+++ b/k.krak
@@ -85,10 +85,10 @@ fun main(argc: int, argv: **char): int {
 
     var pass_poset = poset<pair<*tree<ast>, str>>()
     var name_ast_map = map<str, *tree<ast>>()
-    var passes = map<str, fun(*tree<ast>): bool>()
+    var passes = map<str, fun(*tree<ast>): void>()
 
     // resolves a single import
-    passes[str("import_resolver")] = fun(import_binding: *tree<ast>): bool {
+    passes[str("import")] = fun(import_binding: *tree<ast>) {
         var file_path = binding_str(import_binding)
         println("Running import resolver for " + file_path)
         if (!name_ast_map.contains_key(file_path)) {
@@ -99,41 +99,51 @@ fun main(argc: int, argv: **char): int {
         }
         set_bindings(import_binding, name_ast_map[file_path])
 
-        return true
-    }
-
-    // ensures that all imports reachable from this one are resolved
-    passes[str("import_checker")] = fun(import_binding: *tree<ast>): bool {
-        var all_resolved = true
-        var file_path = binding_str(import_binding)
-        println("Running import checker for " + file_path)
         name_ast_map[file_path]->children.for_each(fun(n: *tree<ast>) {
             match (n->data) {
                 ast::_import(b) {
                     if (!bound(b.first)) {
-                        all_resolved = false
-                        pass_poset.add_relationship(make_pair(import_binding, str("import_checker")), make_pair(b.first, str("import_resolver")))
-                        println(to_string(b.first->data) + " is not bound!")
-                    } else {
-                        println(to_string(b.first->data) + " is bound!")
+                        pass_poset.add_close_dep(make_pair(import_binding, str("import")), make_pair(b.first, str("import")))
                     }
                 }
             }
         })
+    }
 
-        return all_resolved
+    //  emit C
+    var C_str = str()
+    passes[str("emit_C")] = fun(import_binding: *tree<ast>) {
+        if !pass_poset.done(make_pair(import_binding, str("import"))) {
+            pass_poset.add_open_dep(make_pair(import_binding, str("emit_C")), make_pair(import_binding, str("import")))
+            return
+        }
+
+        var file_path = binding_str(import_binding)
+        println("Running emit C for " + file_path)
+        var emit_C: fun(*tree<ast>, int): void = fun(t: *tree<ast>, level: int) {
+            match (t->data) {
+                ast::_identifier(b) {
+                    C_str += b.first
+                }
+                ast::_import(b) {
+                    pass_poset.add_close_dep(make_pair(import_binding, str("emit_C")), make_pair(b.first, str("emit_C")))
+                }
+            }
+
+            t->children.for_each(fun(c: *tree<ast>) {
+                emit_C(c, level+1)
+            })
+        }
+        emit_C(name_ast_map[file_path], 0)
     }
 
     var top_binding = make_binding(kraken_file_name)
-    pass_poset.add_relationship(make_pair(top_binding, str("import_checker")), make_pair(top_binding, str("import_resolver")))
+    pass_poset.add_job(make_pair(top_binding, str("emit_C")))
 
-    while (pass_poset.size() != 0) {
-        var file_pass = pass_poset.top()
-        printlnerr("doing pass " + file_pass.second + " on " + to_string(file_pass.first->data))
-        var done = passes[file_pass.second](file_pass.first)
-        if (done)
-            pass_poset.remove(file_pass)
-    }
+    pass_poset.run(fun(file_pass: pair<*tree<ast>, str>) {
+        printlnerr("doing pass new style " + file_pass.second + " on " + to_string(file_pass.first->data))
+        passes[file_pass.second](file_pass.first)
+    })
 
     println()
     println()
@@ -145,9 +155,8 @@ fun main(argc: int, argv: **char): int {
     })
 
     var kraken_c_output_name = kraken_file_name + ".c"
-    var c_code = str("//don't you wish this was real kraken\n")
     var c_flags = str("")
-    write_file(kraken_c_output_name, c_code)
+    write_file(kraken_c_output_name, C_str)
 
     if (compile_c) {
         var compile_string = "cc -g " + opt_str + " -Wno-int-to-pointer-cast -Wno-pointer-to-int-cast -Wno-incompatible-pointer-types -std=c99 " + c_flags + " " + kraken_c_output_name + " -o " + executable_name
@@ -326,7 +335,11 @@ fun syntax_to_ast(file_name: str, syntax: *tree<symbol>, import_paths: ref vec<s
                                     return _case(s->children.map(syntax_to_ast_helper))
                               }))
         } else if (syntax->data.name == "declaration_statement") {
-            var children = vec(_identifier(concat(get_node("identifier", syntax)), parse_type(get_node("type", syntax))))
+            var t = type(base_type::_unknown(), 0, false)
+            var type_syntax = get_node("type", syntax)
+            if type_syntax != null<tree<symbol>>()
+                t = parse_type(type_syntax)
+            var children = vec(_identifier(concat(get_node("identifier", syntax)), t))
             children += get_nodes("boolean_expression", syntax).map(syntax_to_ast_helper)
             return _declaration(children)
         } else if (syntax->data.name == "assignment_statement")
@@ -377,10 +390,6 @@ fun syntax_to_ast(file_name: str, syntax: *tree<symbol>, import_paths: ref vec<s
             return null<tree<ast>>()
     }
     var result = _translation_unit(file_name, syntax->children.map(syntax_to_ast_helper))
-    printlnerr("made")
-    print_tree(result, 1)
-    printlnerr("from")
-    print_tree(syntax, 1)
     return result
 }
 fun print_tree<T>(t: *tree<T>, level: int) {
diff --git a/stdlib/bytecode_generator.krak b/stdlib/bytecode_generator.krak
index c470bef..cbd82a3 100644
--- a/stdlib/bytecode_generator.krak
+++ b/stdlib/bytecode_generator.krak
@@ -11,7 +11,6 @@ import symbol:*
 import ast_nodes:*
 // for error with syntax tree
 import pass_common:*
-import poset:*
 
 fun type_size(t: *type): ulong
     return type_size_and_alignment(t).first
diff --git a/stdlib/c_generator.krak b/stdlib/c_generator.krak
index 29a3eb0..6abbf06 100644
--- a/stdlib/c_generator.krak
+++ b/stdlib/c_generator.krak
@@ -177,22 +177,22 @@ obj c_generator (Object) {
                             match (*node) {
                                 ast_node::function(backing) generate_function_definition(node)
                                 ast_node::type_def(backing) {
-                                    type_poset.add_vertex(node)
+                                    type_poset.add_job(node)
                                     backing.variables.for_each(fun(i: *ast_node) {
                                         var var_type = get_ast_type(i->declaration_statement.identifier)
                                         if (!var_type->indirection && var_type->type_def)
-                                            type_poset.add_relationship(node, var_type->type_def)
+                                            type_poset.add_open_dep(node, var_type->type_def)
                                     })
                                 }
                             }
                         })
                     }
                     ast_node::type_def(backing) {
-                        type_poset.add_vertex(child)
+                        type_poset.add_job(child)
                         backing.variables.for_each(fun(i: *ast_node) {
                             var var_type = get_ast_type(i->declaration_statement.identifier)
                             if (!var_type->indirection && var_type->type_def)
-                                type_poset.add_relationship(child, var_type->type_def)
+                                type_poset.add_open_dep(child, var_type->type_def)
                         })
                     }
                     ast_node::adt_def(backing) error("ADT remaining!")
diff --git a/stdlib/map.krak b/stdlib/map.krak
index ec4ba42..adde257 100644
--- a/stdlib/map.krak
+++ b/stdlib/map.krak
@@ -111,5 +111,9 @@ obj map<T,U> (Object, Serializable) {
         for (var i = 0; i < keys.size; i++;)
             func(keys[i], values[i])
     }
+    fun for_each(func: fun(ref T, ref U):void) {
+        for (var i = 0; i < keys.size; i++;)
+            func(keys[i], values[i])
+    }
 }
 
diff --git a/stdlib/poset.krak b/stdlib/poset.krak
index 6485c2b..cdb134d 100644
--- a/stdlib/poset.krak
+++ b/stdlib/poset.krak
@@ -10,98 +10,81 @@ fun poset<T>(): poset<T> {
 }
 
 obj poset<T> (Object) {
-    var adj_matrix: map<T, set<T>>
+    var open_deps: map<T, set<T>>
+    var close_deps: map<T, set<T>>
+    var opened: set<T>
+    var closed: set<T>
     fun construct(): *poset<T> {
-        adj_matrix.construct()
+        open_deps.construct()
+        close_deps.construct()
+        opened.construct()
+        closed.construct()
         return this
     }
     fun copy_construct(old: *poset<T>) {
-        adj_matrix.copy_construct(&old->adj_matrix)
+        open_deps.copy_construct(&old->open_deps)
+        close_deps.copy_construct(&old->close_deps)
+        opened.copy_construct(&old->opened)
+        closed.copy_construct(&old->closed)
     }
     fun operator=(other: ref poset<T>) {
         destruct()
         copy_construct(&other)
     }
     fun destruct() {
-        adj_matrix.destruct()
+        open_deps.destruct()
+        close_deps.destruct()
+        opened.destruct()
+        closed.destruct()
     }
     fun size(): int {
-        return adj_matrix.size()
+        return open_deps.size()
     }
-    fun add_relationship(first: T, second: T) {
-        if (!adj_matrix.contains_key(first))
-            add_vertex(first)
-        if (!adj_matrix.contains_key(second))
-            add_vertex(second)
-        adj_matrix[first].add(second)
+    fun add_open_dep(first: T, second: T) {
+        add_job(first)
+        add_job(second)
+        open_deps[first].add(second)
     }
-    fun add_vertex(vertex: T) {
-        if (adj_matrix.contains_key(vertex))
+    fun add_close_dep(first: T, second: T) {
+        add_job(first)
+        add_job(second)
+        close_deps[first].add(second)
+    }
+    fun add_job(vertex: T) {
+        if (open_deps.contains_key(vertex))
             return;
-        adj_matrix.set(vertex, set<T>())
+        open_deps.set(vertex, set<T>())
+        close_deps.set(vertex, set<T>())
     }
-    fun get_depends_on(vertex: T): set<T> {
-        var depends_on = set<T>()
-        adj_matrix.for_each(fun(key: T, value: set<T>) {
-            if (value.contains(vertex))
-                depends_on.add(key)
-        })
-        return depends_on
+    fun done(job: T): bool {
+        return closed.contains(job)
     }
-    fun top(): T {
-        for (var i = 0; i < adj_matrix.keys.size; i++;) {
-            if (adj_matrix.values[i].size() == 0) {
-                return adj_matrix.keys[i]
-            }
-        }
-        error("Nothing to top")
-    }
-    fun remove(x: ref T) {
-        var dependencies = adj_matrix.get_ptr_or_null(x)
-        if (dependencies == null<set<T>>())
-            error("Trying to remove item from poset that doesn't contain it!")
-        if (dependencies->size() != 0)
-            error("Trying to remove item from poset that still has dependencies on it!")
-
-        for (var j = 0; j < adj_matrix.keys.size; j++;) {
-            // remove is ok if it doesn't exist
-            adj_matrix.values[j].remove(x)
-        }
-        adj_matrix.remove(x)
-    }
-    fun pop(): T {
-        for (var i = 0; i < adj_matrix.keys.size; i++;) {
-            if (adj_matrix.values[i].size() == 0) {
-                var to_ret = adj_matrix.keys[i]
-                for (var j = 0; j < adj_matrix.keys.size; j++;) {
-                    // remove is ok if it doesn't exist
-                    /*if (adj_matrix.values[i].contains(to_ret)) {*/
-                        adj_matrix.values[j].remove(to_ret)
-                    /*}*/
+    fun run(f: fun(T): void) {
+        opened = set<T>()
+        closed = set<T>()
+        while closed.size() != size() {
+            // intentionally not refs, as it can change out from under us
+            open_deps.for_each(fun(v: T, ods: set<T>) {
+                if !closed.contains(v) && closed.contains(ods) {
+                    if !opened.contains(v) {
+                        f(v)
+                        if closed.contains(open_deps[v]) {
+                            opened.add(v)
+                        }
+                    }
+                    if closed.contains(open_deps[v]) && closed.contains(close_deps[v]) {
+                        closed.add(v)
+                    }
                 }
-                adj_matrix.remove(to_ret)
-                return to_ret
-            }
-        }
-        error("Nothing to pop")
-    }
-    fun get_sorted(): vec<T> {
-        var sorted = vec<T>()
-        var to_do = queue<T>()
-        // because we're going to destructivly update
-        var temp_adj_matrix = adj_matrix
-        temp_adj_matrix.for_each(fun(key: T, value: set<T>)
-            if (temp_adj_matrix[key].size() == 0) to_do.push(key);)
-        while (!to_do.empty()) {
-            var current = to_do.pop()
-            sorted.add(current)
-            get_depends_on(current).for_each(fun(vert: T) {
-                temp_adj_matrix[vert].remove(current)
-                if (temp_adj_matrix[vert].size() == 0)
-                    to_do.push(vert)
             })
         }
-        return sorted
+    }
+    fun get_sorted(): vec<T> {
+        var to_ret = vec<T>()
+        run(fun(i: T) {
+            to_ret.add(i)
+        })
+        return to_ret
     }
 }